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درباره این کتاب:
Welfare is a
multidimensional concept that can be
described as the state of an animal as it
copes with the environment. Captive
environments can impact farmed animals at
different levels, especially fishes,
considering their highly complex sensory
world. Understanding the ethology of a
species is therefore essential to address
fish welfare, and the interpretation of
behavioral responses in specific rearing
contexts (aquaculture or experimental
contexts) demands knowledge of their
underlying physiological, developmental,
functional, and evolutionary mechanisms.
In natural environments, the stress
response has evolved to help animals
survive challenging conditions. However,
animals are adapted to deal with natural
stressors, while anthropogenic stimuli may
represent stressors that fishes are unable
to cope with. Under such circumstances,
stress responses may be maladaptive and
cause severe damage to the animal. As
welfare in captivity is affected in
multiple dimensions, multiple possible
indicators can be used to assess the
welfare state of individuals. In the past,
research on welfare has been largely
focusing on health indicators and
predominantly based on physiological
stress. Ethological indicators, however,
also integrate the mental perspective of
the individual and have been gradually
assuming an important role in welfare
research: behavioral responses to
stressors are an early response to adverse
conditions, easily observable, and
demonstrative of emotional states. Many
behavioral indicators can be used as
non-invasive measurements of welfare in
practical contexts such as aquaculture and
experimentation. Presently, research in
fish welfare is growing in importance and
interest because of the growing economic
importance of fish farming, the
comparative biology opportunities that
experimental fishes provide, and the
increasing public sensitivity to welfare
issues.
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