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→ Introduction
■ 1. The Torrential Crisis in the European
Mountains (14th-19th Centuries)
1.1. Introductory generalities on global
fluvial systems
1.2. Manifestations of the LIA crisis in
the river valleys of Western Europe
1.2.1. Mountain crises
1.2.2. River crises and metamorphoses of
the Drac and the Isère in Grenoble
1.2.3. Flooded piedmont plains in
Switzerland
1.2.4. Sedimentation and large works in
Italy
1.3. The difficult mastery of the Rhine
delta in the modern era 1.3.1. Flow
distribution between river branches: an
age-old battle against the elements of
nature1.3.2. Returns on destabilization
1.4. Observations on the torrentiality of
the Southern Alps in the late 18th and
19th Centuries
1.4.1. A highly degraded state of affairs
in the late 18th Century
1.4.2. Prefect Pierre-Henri Dugied's
project (1819)
1.4.3. Alexandre Surell, author of the
French policy for restoring mountain
territories
1.4.4. The restoration of mountain land
(RTM)
1.4.5. The Southern Prealps (Drôme): what
kind of balance in torrential milieus?
1.5. The sediment conveyor belt, from
torrents to outlets1.5.1. The forester
Georges Fabre, from the Aigoual to the
Gironde
1.5.2. The Rhône river trough
1.5.3. The redistribution of alluvia in
the upper delta of the Rhône
1.5.4. Solid contributions to the Rhône
outlet and progression of the Camargue
delta
■ 2. Continuity in European Hydraulic
Science (16th-18th Centuries)
2.1. From hydraulic architecture to the
fluvial system: transalpine preeminence
2.1.1. At the roots of European science
2.1.2. A great Italian scholar, Paolo
Frisi 2.2. The first naturalist approaches
to the water cycle in the Seine
basin2.2.1. Pierre Perrault
2.2.2. Edme Mariotte
2.2.3. French hydraulic science in the
18th Century
2.2.4. Emergence of the natural state of
rivers in the mid-18th Century
2.2.5. Jean-Antoine Fabre, the great
naturalist engineer of Southern Alpine
torrents
2.3. Conclusion
■ 3. Exploited Nature and the River's
Responses to the Globe's Surface
3.1. Mistreated soil and accelerated
erosion
3.1.1. The Huang-He (Yellow River) basin:
accelerated erosion in ahighly fragile
milieu
3.1.2. Soil erosion in North America
3.1.3. Accelerated erosion on the Great
Russian Plains, from Belarus to the
Urals3.1.4. New Zealand, "destruction on
the pretext of development" [WYN 02]
3.2. Mineral predation and river bursts
3.2.1. Lead and zinc in the Pennines:
mines threatening dairy livestock
3.2.2. The "debris" from the gold-bearing
alluvia of the Sierra Nevada (California)
3.2.3. The coal mines of the Loess
Plateau, the Huang-He watershed
3.2.4. Mountaintop mining in the
Appalachians at the risk of downstream
reaches
3.3. Conclusion
■ 4. From Hills to the Ocean: Production,
Transfer and Trapping
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